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Objective To summarize the clinical diagnosis and treatment of diaphragm injuries.Methods 70 cases including traumatic ruptures of the diaphragm and diaphragmatic hernia,46 cases of open injury and 24 cases of close ones were retrospectively analyzed.50 patients were diagnosed before operationk,occupied 71%.20 cases were operated via thoracic incision,40 cases via abdominal incision and 10 cases were trans-thoracic-abdominal approach.Results 66 cases were cured,4 patients died,and the death rate was 5.7%.Conclusions Chest X-ray is the simplest and most reliable method to diagnose diaphragm injuries,early diagnosis and timely treatment are keys to increasing the effective rate and reducing the death rate.
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Objective To approach the application of mesh plug hernia repair to recurring inguinal hernia.Methods 64 patients with recurring inguinal hernia were treated with tension-free mesh-plug repair by using polypropylene cone plug and patch.Results All the operations succeeded,the average time was 45 minutes,and the average hospital stay was 5 days.No cut infection,hematoma and scrotum hydrocele and recurrence occurred.Conclusion The mesh plug hernia repair is characterized by its safety,minimal wound,rapid recovery and low recurrent rate,its effect is satisfying.It is the perfect repair of inguinal hernia.
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Objective To explore the changes of nitric oxide (NO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) of the aged rat brain, and the relationship between this change and neuronal apoptosis. Methods Five month old and 30 month old rats were used in the study. NO level and NOS activity were measured by Griess reaction and high presssure liquid chromatography. Neuronal NOS(nNOS) gene and bcl 2 gene were examined by in situ hybradization; nNOS protein level and free calcium level in synaptosome were determined by immunohistochemical method and Fura 2 fluorescence probe respectively. Apoptosis was observed using terminal transferase marking method. Results NO level and nNOS activity in the brain tissue of aged rats was (2 61?0 10) ?mol/L and (398 22?21 62) fmol?mg -1 ?min -1 , respectively,being significantly higher than that of the young rats(1 54?0 15) ?mol/L and (234 38?16 24)fmol?mg -1 ?min -1 respectively. Also both the nNOS gene transcription and protein expression increased in aged rats while bcl 2 gene expression reduced with aging. Free calcium level in synaptosome of aged and young rats was (485 26?28 48) nmol/L and (372 99?19 20) nmol/L respectively. Apoptosis in brain tissue was observed in aged rats, but not in young ones. Conclusions The increase of NO level in the aged rat brain is due to the increase of nNOS activity which is at least partially determined by the increased gene expression. Abnormal enhancement of NO in the aged rats may cause damage, even death of the brain. As an anti oxidant, bcl 2 gene expression reduced with aging and resulted in the brain tissue more vulnerable to oxidative stress and thus produced more lesions. Therefore, it is a promising method to screen and develop drugs that can be anti apoptotic and anti oxidative, and reduce the formation of pathologic NO to prevent and retard brain aging.